Sparta was a nation. Your statement makes as much sense as saying why do people call Rome a nation, when it's only the capital of a nation. Unlike the Roman Empire, Ancient Greece at times had and other times didn't have a supreme ruler over all Greece. Sparta didn't listen to orders from Athens or other Greek states/countries. The Spartans were not even genetically related to Athenians. Phillip of Macedon went to the Spartans after the Battle of Chaeronea and asked them to join him. The Spartans refused him and were the only Greek nation to do so. When Sparta became a speck on map? That could be debated. Most historians agree it was after their lost to the Thebans and The Sacred Band (Battle of Leuctra). By the time Phillip of Macedon approach them, they were nothing more than an old beaten down society. They were a country in decline since right after the Persian Wars. After the Battle of Leuctra, the Spartans only survived because of Greek states/nations looked over them. Historians say that in the 1800's the Spartans pretty much disappear from the history books.
When discussing different Ancient Greek nations, it's important to know when Greece became one nation. When were all the Greek nations incorporated into one? They were not always one unified nation.
I went through many of the post in this thread and its filled with misinformation. Where do you guys get your info?
*The Huns never conquered Rome.
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09-13-2011, 08:22 PM #301Spare the reps, bang a chick.
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09-13-2011, 08:45 PM #302
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09-13-2011, 08:48 PM #303
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09-13-2011, 08:55 PM #304
The term city/state could be very misleading. Many think it's the same as how we use it today. In the United Sates, when referring to a state, we are referring to an area like California,New York,Texas, vice versa. Back in ancient times. This term had a different meaning.Spare the reps, bang a chick.
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09-13-2011, 08:56 PM #305
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09-14-2011, 03:15 AM #306
Did you even try to read what vedas I named in my posts?
Here is where kepler took his works from.
Brihat Samhita written by Varahamihira
उत्तानपादपुत्रोऽसौ मेढीभूतो ध्रुवो दिवि ।
स हि भ्रमन् भ्रामयते नित्यं चन्द्रादित्यौ ग्रहैः सह ।।
It means : "Uttanpāda's son Dhruva is the fixed point in the Heavens on Mount Meru , around which all planets moves round" The Chatur-yuga, 4,320,000 years is related to the precessional cycle, 25,791 years corresponding to a precession of 50.15 arc-seconds per year.
He recorded Kepler's laws of precession 4.5 milleniums ago. This 25791 year wobble was understood by Vedic Maharshis seers years ago
I GIve you an open invitation , to come to India and prove me wrong. I will present you with all the facts that i have been pointing out in this thread.
Lets do it face to face. Lets see if you have the depth of knowledge to even talk to me in face.
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09-14-2011, 11:47 PM #307
In b4 rednecks can't fathom that the biggest catalyst in Western Europe's post-Roman history came from the Mongol rule of China.
Although never ruled by the Mongols, in many ways Europe gained the most from their world system. The Europeans received all the benefits of trade, technology transfer, and the Global Awakening without paying the cost of Mongol conquest. The Mongols had killed off the knights in Hungary and Germany, but they had not destroyed or occupied the cities. The Europeans, who had been cut off from the mainstream of civilization since the fall of Rome, eagerly drank in the new knowledge, put on the new clothes, listened to the new music, ate the new foods, and enjoyed a rapidly escalating standard of living in almost every regard.
The Europeans easily forgot the hysterical commentary of chroniclers such as Matthew Paris and Thomas of Spalato, who wrote about the Mongol invasions back in 1240. Across the intervening century, the Mongols had come to represent sumptuous trade goods and luxurious rarities to the Europeans. The word Tartar no longer signified unbridled terror; instead, the Italian writers Dante and Boccaccio and the English writer Chaucer used the phrase Panni Tartarici, “Tartar cloth,” or “Tartar satin,” as terms for the finest cloth in the world. When King Edward III of England ordered 150 garters to be made for his Knights of the Garters, he specified that they be in Tartar blue. Such terms obviously did not apply to textiles or dyes made by the Mongols, but to ones traded by them or originating in their territory.
One technological innovation after another arrived in Europe. The most labor-intensive professions such as mining, milling, and metalwork had depended almost entirely on human and animal labor, but they quickly became more mechanized with the harnessing of water and wind power. The transmission of the technology for improving the blast furnace also arrived in Europe from Asia via the Mongol trade routes, and it allowed metalworkers to achieve higher temperatures and thereby improve the quality of metal, an increasingly important material in this new high-technology era. In Europe, as a result of the Mongol Global Awakening, carpenters used the general adze less and adapted more specialized tools for specific functions to make their work faster and more efficient; builders used new types of cranes and hoists. There was a quick spread of new crops that required less work to produce or less processing after production; carrots, turnips, cress, buckwheat, and parsnips became common parts of the diet. Labor-intensive cooking was improved by mechanizing the meat spit to be turned more easily. The new tools, machines, and mechanical devices helped to build everything, from ships and docks to warehouses and canals, faster and better, just as previously the improved Mongol technology of war helped to tear down and destroy quicker with improved cannons and firepower.
Something as simple as preparing a single page document on vellum or parchment required the labor of a long line of skilled workers. Aside from the herder who raised the sheep, the slaughtering and skinning were so important to make quality writing material that it required a skilled craft of skinners. Over several weeks, the skin had to be cleaned and scraped of hair on the outside and flesh on the inside, soaked in a sequence of chemical baths, stretched on a frequently readjusted frame, sunned, alternately wet and dried in a precise sequence, shaved, and finally cut into pages of the appropriate size. To make the pages into a book, a whole new sequence of trades were drawn on to make the ink, copy the text, illustrate it, color it, and bind it with leather that had already been through its own sequence of workshops.
The replacement of parchment by paper, a Chinese innovation already known but only rarely used in Europe prior to the Mongol era, required more skill in one worker but far fewer steps and thus, in the overall process, less energy and labor. The papermaker cooked down shredded rags and other fibrous materials, dipped a frame into the vat to coat it with a layer of the fibers, treated it with chemicals, and dried it.
The increased demand for paper arose with the spread of printing. One of the most laborious tasks in medieval society had been the copying of manuscripts and documents, all of which had been done by hand in monasteries that functioned as book factories with scribes carefully copying all day in a large scriptorium. Aside from the cost of their meager food and basic upkeep, the labor was free and the money earned from the sale went to other uses within the church. Johannes Gutenberg completed the adaptation with his production of two hundred Bibles in 1455, and started the printing and information revolution in the West. The new technology made the relatively minor trade of book making into one of the most potent forces of public life. It stimulated the revival of Greek classics, the development of written forms of the vernacular languages, the growth of nationalism, the outbreak of the Protestant Reformation, the birth of science, and virtually every aspect of life and learning from agronomy to zoology.
The ideas of the Mongol Empire awakened new possibilities in the European mind. New knowledge from the travel writings of Marco Polo to the detailed star charts of Ulugh Beg proved that much of their received classical knowledge was simply wrong, and at the same time it opened up new paths of intellectual discovery. Because much of the Mongol Empire had been based on novel ideas and ways of organizing public life rather than on mere technology, these ideas provoked new thoughts and experiments in Europe. The common principles of the Mongol Empire—such as paper money, primacy of the state over the church, freedom of religion, diplomatic immunity, and international law—were ideas that gained new importance.
As early as 1620, the English scientist Francis Bacon recognized the impact that changing technology had produced in Europe. He designated printing, gunpowder, and the compass as three technological innovations on which the modern world was built. Although they were “unknown to the ancients . . . these three have changed the appearance and state of the whole world; first in literature, then in warfare, and lastly in navigation.” More important than the innovations themselves, from them “innumerable changes have been thence derived.” In a clear recognition of their importance he wrote “that no empire, sect, or star, appears to have exercised a greater power and influence on human affairs than these mechanical discoveries.” All of them had been spread to the West during the era of the Mongol Empire.
Under the widespread influences from the paper and printing, gunpowder and firearms, and the spread of the navigational compass and other maritime equipment, Europeans experienced a Renaissance, literally a rebirth, but it was not the ancient world of Greece and Rome being reborn: It was the Mongol Empire, picked up, transferred, and adapted by the Europeans to their own needs and culture....
In the same way that Mongol faces and script began to appear in the art of Renaissance Europe, the Mongol ideas also began to show up in the literary and philosophical works of the era. The provocative nature of Mongol ideas and policies appeared decisively in the work of the German cleric Nicolaus of Cusa, whose 1440 essay “On Learned Ignorance” might be considered as the opening of the European Renaissance. He had spent time on church business in Constantinople shortly before its fall to the Ottomans, and, as his subsequent writings revealed, he was well acquainted with the ideas of the Persian, Arab, and Mongol civilizations. In 1453, he wrote a long essay “On the Peace of Faith,” in which he presented imaginary dialogues among representatives of seventeen nations and religions concerning the best way to promote global peace and understanding. The author shows some more than superficial awareness of Mongol religious ideology when he quotes the Tatar representative as describing his nation as “a numerous and simple people, who worship the one God above others, are astounded over the variety of rites which others have, who worship one and the same God with them. They deride the custom by which some Christians, all Arabs and Jews are circumcised, that others are marked on their brows with a brand, others are baptized.” He also notes the Mongol puzzlement at Christian ritual and theology, in that “among these various forms of sacrifice there is the Christian sacrifice, in which they offer bread and wine, and say it is the body and blood of Christ. That they eat and drink this sacrifice after the oblations seems most abominable. They devour what they worship.” The fictional Tatar in the debate echoed precisely the words of Mongke Khan to the French envoy when he denounced the pernicious enmity among the religions of the world: “It is proper to keep the commandments of God. But the Jews say they have received these commandments from Moses, the Arabs say they have them from Muhammad, and the Christians from Jesus. And there are perhaps other nations who honor their prophets, through whose hands they assert they have received the divine precepts. Therefore, how shall we arrive at concord?” The Mongol answer had been that simple religious concord could only be produced by subsuming all religions under the power of the state.
Weatherford, Jack (2005-03-22). Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World (pp. 235-238). Broadway. Kindle Edition.Last edited by mansup85; 09-14-2011 at 11:53 PM.
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09-15-2011, 09:10 PM #308
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04-04-2012, 10:29 PM #309
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04-04-2012, 10:37 PM #310
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04-04-2012, 11:12 PM #311
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04-04-2012, 11:28 PM #312
lol every 16 year old whos gets his history from 300 refuses to accept the fact the spartans were the biggest homos in ancient greece. Fact is they werent even let near a woman till theyd been assf*cked from the ages of 7 till 12 when they lived in the wild with other boys and an older boy then from 12 till 20 when at military academy where they had older mentor who assf*cked them ,fact. Even after 20 on their wedding night their bride had her head shaved was wrapped in a mans cloak and left in a darkened room so the f*g spartan could pretend he was f*cking a man. Of course they bred with women where else would the next generation of psychotic paedos come from? All facts dont get your history from hollywood boy
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04-04-2012, 11:55 PM #313
stats: 5ft9 175 lbs
stopped reading there, lmao
i always laugh at these pathetic *******s
brb trying say how proud i am over seomthing that has happened hundreds of years ago with me having no influence on it whatsoever
mongolia is ****, ur still packing donkeys and travelling the wild nowadays
monglia is like the biggest ****hole of all lololo
proud south eastern european checkking it
umad?
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04-05-2012, 01:43 AM #314
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04-05-2012, 02:32 AM #315
Time to bish slap this racist, moronic OP.
What's this? Oh, a list of battles the Mongols were in! 39, in total. Oh, and what's this? They lost 15 of the 39 listed battles? Wow, not really an alpha empire if you lose nearly half of the battles you fight in, even when you outnumber the enemy by 2 - 3, huh? Not such a kick-ass, unstoppable empire, unlike any the world has ever seen, [u]when you get beaten by Mamluks, slave armies., Not once, not twice, but five times. Not so alpha and unstoppable when, with the closest thing to a modern army there is (highly mobile, greatest fire-power in the world) you're almost as likely to lose a battle as you are to win one, given your track record. Would an alpha people run back to Asia and never invade Europe again after losing battles?Hmm, this list's getting quite long now. Then there are the two civil war battles that the Mongolian horde lost (I say civil war, but it was really pure bred Mongolians vs mixed Mongolians). I mean, if the Mongols were so alpha, why would they lose their conquered lands to unhappy soldiers in their own armies with mixed blood, OP? Not very alpha.
And if you don't count civil war battles, then it's more like 13 out of 34 battles lost, as there were two civil war defeats counted there, and at least an extra two unlisted. So much for being as alpha as you say, OP!Last edited by Zeezprah; 04-05-2012 at 02:46 AM.
-"i'm fawkin zeez bruh"
-classmates call me zeezprah
-i haven't heard my real name in months
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04-06-2012, 10:08 AM #316
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04-06-2012, 10:11 AM #317
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04-16-2012, 07:30 AM #318
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04-16-2012, 07:38 AM #319
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04-16-2012, 07:42 AM #320
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04-17-2012, 04:46 AM #321
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04-17-2012, 04:51 AM #322
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04-17-2012, 05:10 AM #323
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