What causes heart disease, stroke, etc.?

[sinfiery]

Like anyone is going to believe what those lying sacks of it say. I prefer scientific studies done in my own country and done by QUALIFIED medical professionals in a controlled scientific environment.

touche


didn't think such words could be posted in that combination

how wrong I was

[oskarhul09]

When are you going to grow a clue and realize that just because somebody has a degree or formed and institute does not mean they know everything and are up to date with all the new findings.

Go ask your fuking doctor wut he thinks about bodybuilding diet and supplements. 8/10 times they will say high protein diets are bad and creatine will fuk up your kidneys, even though studies done do not show this to be true.

Im guessing u also believe in the food pyramid because its an "official" things, am i right? Idiots gonna idiot

[1qazxsw22]

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20071648





CONCLUSIONS:

A meta-analysis of prospective epidemiologic studies showed that there is no significant evidence for concluding that dietary saturated fat is associated with an increased risk of CHD or CVD. More data are needed to elucidate whether CVD risks are likely to be influenced by the specific nutrients used to replace saturated fat.

The same team Siri-Tarino PW, Sun Q, Hu FB, Krauss RM., who wrote the article you posted also wrote this:


Saturated fat, carbohydrate, and cardiovascular disease.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20089734

Department of Atherosclerosis Research Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute Oakland, CA, USA.
Siri-Tarino PW, Sun Q, Hu FB, Krauss RM.

2010 Jan 20

Clinical trials that replaced saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat have generally shown a reduction in cardiovascular disease, CVD events

Replacement of saturated fat by polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fat lowers both LDL and HDL cholesterol.

In summary, although substitution of dietary polyunsaturated fat for saturated fat has been shown to lower cardiovascular disease CVD risk,there are few epidemiologic or clinical trial data to support a benefit of replacing saturated fat with carbohydrate.

A focus of dietary recommendations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and treatment has been a reduction in saturated fat intake, primarily as a means of lowering LDL-cholesterol concentrations. However, the evidence that supports a reduction in saturated fat intake must be evaluated in the context of replacement by other macronutrients. Clinical trials that replaced saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat have generally shown a reduction in CVD events, although several studies showed no effects. An independent association of saturated fat intake with CVD risk has not been consistently shown in prospective epidemiologic studies, although some have provided evidence of an increased risk in young individuals and in women. Replacement of saturated fat by polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fat lowers both LDL and HDL cholesterol. However, replacement with a higher carbohydrate intake, particularly refined carbohydrate, can exacerbate the atherogenic dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance and obesity that includes increased triglycerides, small LDL particles, and reduced HDL cholesterol. In summary, although substitution of dietary polyunsaturated fat for saturated fat has been shown to lower CVD risk, there are few epidemiologic or clinical trial data to support a benefit of replacing saturated fat with carbohydrate. Furthermore, particularly given the differential effects of dietary saturated fats and carbohydrates on concentrations of larger and smaller LDL particles, respectively, dietary efforts to improve the increasing burden of CVD risk associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia should primarily emphasize the limitation of refined carbohydrate intakes and a reduction in excess adiposity.

[oskarhul09]

good cherry picking bro, i suggest u continue to post sites rather than try to pull apart studies.

[1qazxsw22]

http://www.ynhh.org/heart-and-vascul...art_works.aspx

How the Heart Works

It's small, a little larger than a clenched fist. Relatively simple in function, your heart's primary purpose is to pump...24 hours a day, 70 to 80 times a minute. With each beat, the heart pumps blood that delivers life-sustaining oxygen and nutrients to 300 trillion cells. Each day the average heart "beats" (or expands and contracts) 100,000 times and pumps about 2,000 gallons of blood. In a 70-year lifetime, an average human heart beats more than 2.5 billion times, pumping approximately 1 million barrels of blood.

[oskarhul09]

yup, thats the way. Good little sheeple.

[ArchangelEST]

Saturated fat, carbohydrate, and cardiovascular disease.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20089734

Department of Atherosclerosis Research Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute Oakland, CA, USA.
Siri-Tarino PW, Sun Q, Hu FB, Krauss RM.

2010 Jan 20

Clinical trials that replaced saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat have generally shown a reduction in cardiovascular disease, CVD events

Replacement of saturated fat by polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fat lowers both LDL and HDL cholesterol.

In summary, although substitution of dietary polyunsaturated fat for saturated fat has been shown to lower cardiovascular disease CVD risk,there are few epidemiologic or clinical trial data to support a benefit of replacing saturated fat with carbohydrate.

So what does all that tell us?

Saturated fat intake has very little to do with CVD risk. It's the neglecting of various polyunsaturated fats like Omega-3's and Omega-6's that have the greatest influence on LDL and HDL levels. (Something we have known for a while)
Especially evident when the replacement of saturated fat with carbs, showed little to no change in CVD risks. And why also some studies fail time and time again to show difference in reducing Sat. fat intake and lower CVD risk.

Simply because Sat. fat intake is just a tiny, tiny, tiny, tiny piece in the puzzle with minimal effects on CVD risk by itself.

What should really be the topic of discussion, is acknowledging the fact that Low Omega-3 consumption, coupled with other poor dietary habits and sedentary life-styles has promoted the growth of a nation full of obese, sickly individuals who are several times more receptive to all kinds of diseases and who's metabolism in general is operating at an altered state, compared to a normal and healthy individual.


You said you weren't going to pin CVD risks on a single nutrient, and that you are simply trying to tell us of "bad" fats. Well saturated fat is no more bad, than Refined carbohydrates are bad. (They aren't per say, but over-consumption and neglecting of various other nutrients can be)

It's the secondary effects of overall changes in nutrition and life-style which are to blame for most health issues. Not any "one" nutrient.

[martial-man420]

I think people need to be careful suggesting that people need to increase their polyunsaturated fats. The vast majority of people in the western world already consume a LOT of polys, and a good amount of research suggests increasing this already high level could cause more harm than good. Without refering to the research at all i think the area most people should concentrate on would be increasing their omega 3 to omega 6 ratio. I think it is clear though that more high profile well conducted research needs to be conducted on the optimum ratio for health and performance.

[WonderPug]

i think the area most people should concentrate on would be increasing their omega 3 to omega 6 ratio. I think it is clear though that more high profile well conducted research needs to be conducted on the optimum ratio for health and performance.

I agree and will add a little bit of food for thought:


Source: http://ebm.rsmjournals.com/content/233/6/674.full
A01.png

[sawoobley]

Without refering to the research at all i think the area most people should concentrate on would be increasing their omega 3 to omega 6 ratio. I think it is clear though that more high profile well conducted research needs to be conducted on the optimum ratio for health and performance.

agreed, of course.

[synthetic]

agreed, of course.

another factor to consider is that omega-6 is likely to oxidize faster when exposed to oxygen - so proper food handling is a must

[bappz08]

Hnnnnngggggggggg

[BOB55555]

Maybe you guys shouldn't have so much faith in studies with huge standard deviations and crappy R-squareds... It is enough to get published, but it is really far-fetched to call them "evidence" of anything.

[AdamWW]

Heart disease is caused by the build up of plaque in the arteries, irregular valve activity, irregular electrical impulses, and many other things.

Strokes are caused by pressing two surfaces together and guiding one surface across the other in long, fluid movements.

Egg yolks used to cause them until high fructose corn syrup moved in. Now the main culprit is white bread.

[isdatzo]

Industrial trans fats may increase risk.

About saturated fats:


Saturated fat and cardiovascular disease: the discrepancy between the scientific literature and dietary advice.
Hoenselaar R.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, High School of Arnhem and Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Given the large social impact of dietary advice, it is important that the advice have a solid scientific basis. Evidence-based dietary advice should be built on results from all studies available, according to a given methodology. Conclusions should be a valid representation of the summarized results. The association between saturated fat intake and cardiovascular disease was examined. Results from three reports of leading U.S. and European advisory committees were compared with results as they were presented in the articles referred to. Findings were put into perspective with results not included in these reports. Different lines of evidence were included in the different reports. No overlap whatsoever was found in the articles included. Most results from the scientific literature were lacking for most different lines of evidence in all reports. All three reports included the effect of saturated fat on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the evidence linking saturated fat to cardiovascular disease, but the effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was systematically ignored. Both U.S. reports failed to correctly describe the results from the prospective studies. Results and conclusions about saturated fat intake in relation to cardiovascular disease, from leading advisory committees, do not reflect the available scientific literature.
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22208554