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  1. #1
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    Any supplements to reduce lactic acid buildup?

    One of the main goals in rowing training is to improve ones lactic threshold, so that we can produce more watts of power with less lactic acid in our muscles and blood.
    Is there anything I can take to either limit the production of lactic acid or at least help my body get it out of my muscles while rowing?
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    Registered User alaska21's Avatar
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    Beta alanine and histidine will increase carnosine levels in muscle tissue. Carnosine works as a buffer in the muscle cell.

    I take beta alanine plus by higher power because it includes histidine
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    nevigsawkufelgnisaton in10city's Avatar
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    http://www.acsm-msse.org/pt/re/msse/...856145!8091!-1
    Dose-Related Effects of Prolonged NaHCO3 Ingestion during High-Intensity Exercise.
    Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 38(10):1746-1753, October 2006.
    DOUROUDOS, IOANNIS I. 1; FATOUROS, IOANNIS G. 1; GOURGOULIS, VASSILIOS 2; JAMURTAS, ATHANASIOS Z. 1; TSITSIOS, TILEMAXOS 3; HATZINIKOLAOU, ATHANASIOS 2; MARGONIS, KONSTANTINOS 1; MAVROMATIDIS, KONTANTINOS 3; TAXILDARIS, KIRIAKOS 1
    Abstract:
    Purpose: Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion may prevent exercise-induced perturbations in acid-base balance, thus resulting in performance enhancement. This study aimed to determine whether different levels of NaHCO3 intake influences acid-base balance and performance during high-intensity exercise after 5 d of supplementation.

    Methods: Twenty-four men (22 +/- 1.7 yr) were randomly assigned to one of three groups (eight subjects per group): control (C, placebo), moderate NaHCO3 intake (MI, 0.3 g[middle dot]kg-1[middle dot]d-1), and high NaHCO3 intake (HI, 0.5 g[middle dot]kg-1[middle dot]d-1). Arterial pH, HCO3-, PO2, PCO2, K+, Na+, base excess (BE), lactate, and mean power (MP) were measured before and after a Wingate test pre- and postsupplementation.

    Results: HCO3- increased proportionately to the dosage level. No differences were detected in C. Supplementation increased MP (W[middle dot]kg-1) in MI (7.36 +/- 0.7 vs 6.73 +/- 1.0) and HI (7.72 +/- 0.9 vs 6.69 +/- 0.6), with HI being more effective than MI. NaHCO3 ingestion resulted postexercise in increased lactate (mmol[middle dot]L-1) (12.3 +/- 1.8 vs 10.3 +/- 1.9 and 12.4 +/- 1.2 vs 10.4 +/- 1.5 in MI and HI, respectively), reduced exercise-induced drop of pH (7.305 +/- 0.04 vs 7.198 +/- 0.02 and 7.343 +/- 0.05 vs 7.2 +/- 0.01 in MI and HI, respectively) and HCO3- (mmol[middle dot]L-1) (13.1 +/- 2.4 vs 17.5 +/- 2.8 and 13.2 +/- 2.7 vs 19.8 +/- 3.2 for HCO3 in MI and HI, respectively), and reduced K+ (3.875 +/- 0.2 vs 3.625 +/- 0.3 mmol[middle dot]L-1 in MI and HI, respectively).

    Conclusion: NaHCO3 administration for 5 d may prevent acid-base balance disturbances and improve performance during anaerobic exercise in a dose-dependent manner.
    However, lactic acid (extracellular) is not the problem child to place all focus on, the H+ it dissociates is. The released H+ are what causes muscle pH to drop, and leads to performance degradation and fatigue. Here, Beta-Alanine boosts the naturally occurring intracellular buffer carnosine - which buffers H+.
    Last edited by in10city; 08-17-2008 at 04:30 PM.
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    I go for:
    3g of beta-alanine
    2g of creatine Mono
    1g of Histidine
    10g dextrose
    10g maltodextrine
    2g ALCAR

    twice a day and all bulk powder.

    Some info about the combo here:
    http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/sout...betalanine.htm
    Recent scientific research demonstrates that β-Alanine produces additional benefits when supplemented with creatine monohydrate.4 One study showed that β-Alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation produced a synergistic effect whereby total power output was dramatically increased5 and fat-free mass gain, strength increases and body fat reductions were greater than with creatine monohydrate supplementation alone.
    Last edited by PalmtreeCo; 08-17-2008 at 06:23 PM.
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    Registered User Phosphate bond's Avatar
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    Originally Posted by in10city View Post
    http://www.acsm-msse.org/pt/re/msse/...856145!8091!-1


    However, lactic acid (extracellular) is not the problem child to place all focus on, the H+ it dissociates is. The released H+ are what causes muscle pH to drop, and leads to performance degradation and fatigue. Here, Beta-Alanine boosts the naturally occurring intracellular buffer carnosine - which buffers H+.
    Has anyone to your knowledge determined how carnosine actually acts a H+ buffer?

    Anytime energy production is enhanced at the mitcohondrial level substrate level phosphorylation usually decreases.

    Histidine (possibly released from Carnosine by H+) is used in certain mitochondrial enzymes.
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    nevigsawkufelgnisaton in10city's Avatar
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    Originally Posted by Phosphate bond View Post
    Has anyone to your knowledge determined how carnosine actually acts a H+ buffer?

    Anytime energy production is enhanced at the mitcohondrial level substrate level phosphorylation usually decreases.

    Histidine (possibly released from Carnosine by H+) is used in certain mitochondrial enzymes.
    I haven't read anything regarding the actual mechanism of how it soaks up H+. An offshoot of its AO properties perhaps?
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    Thanks for the replies, looks like some good info! I think I'll add the beta alanine and baking soda to my current whey, dextrose, malto, creatine mono, and glutamine.

    I was looking at a few beta adaline studies and didn't see anything about l-histidine. Is there any proof that it boosts carnosine levels? This quote seems to indicate that only beta alanine is the limiting factor in carnosine production: "The ingestion of β-alanine, the rate-limiting precursor of carnosine, has been shown to elevate the muscle carnosine content." [1] I do not have much experience in this field, so I could be misinterpreting it.

    [1] http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/conten...act/103/5/1736
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    Originally Posted by in10city View Post
    I haven't read anything regarding the actual mechanism of how it soaks up H+. An offshoot of its AO properties perhaps?

    http://www.sciencedirect.com/science...76d22ea1a668d8
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    Giant Nutrtion ProCarnosine and bulk Citrulline Malate (Supplement Direct) works wonders for me!
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    Improve your Mind CognitiveNutrition's Avatar
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    Originally Posted by PumpAddict View Post
    One of the main goals in rowing training is to improve ones lactic threshold, so that we can produce more watts of power with less lactic acid in our muscles and blood.
    Is there anything I can take to either limit the production of lactic acid or at least help my body get it out of my muscles while rowing?
    http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/ar...cientists.html
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    Biotin is a good vitamin for that, of course beta alanine and citrulline malate.
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    Does that talk about H+ in addition to lipid peroxidation byproducts?
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    Eating more dark green vegetables would help put your body in an alkali state.
    "The reason a lot of people do not recognize opportunity is because it usually goes around wearing overalls looking like hard work."-T. Edison-

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    You don't need alot of supplements. Just lots of water, stretch after your lift, and glutamine for fast repairs.
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    A spoonful of baking soda DOES speed you up, say scientists

    By Daily Mail Reporter
    Last updated at 3:45 PM on 16th August 2008

    Baking soda can cut seconds off speed


    Scientists have proven what athletes have been claiming for years - that Granny's old cure-all, bicarbonate of soda, can enhance performance.

    'Soda-doping', as it is known amongst professional sportsmen, can have a significant effect on endurance and speed.

    Baking soda appears to work best to enhance speed. A study at Loughborough University found that of nine swimmers who took baking soda before an event, eight reduced their times, the Times reports.


    Jonathan Folland, who led the study, said: 'Essentially, sodium bicarbonate is an alkali substance that increases the pH of the blood.

    'This seems to reduce and offset the acidity produced in the muscles during intense, anaerobic exercise that produces lactic acid most quickly, such as fast running or swimming.'

    Sodium bicarbonate, as anyone whose taken it for indigestion knows, reduces acids - helping the body to deal with the acidic waste products produced during exercise, that tire us more quickly.

    But the substance isn't a miracle-worker - shaving seconds, not minutes, off performance time - so that only the most proficient athletes will notice a difference.

    The swimmers in the Loughborough study cut 1.5 seconds from their 200m time. Which is hardly significant for most of us who take a leisurely few laps up and down the pool.

    A study at the American College of Sports Medicine found that runners could also improve performance with baking soda.

    But the substance - used before modern times as a household cleaning agent - can cause upset stomachs, and tastes foul. 'It is not dangerous, but it tastes appalling,' warns Dr Folland.

    He says that only those who are very serious about sport should try the white powder, which may cause diarrhoea.


    The traditional cleaning agent reduces acids - so the body tires more slowly.
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    Addition to Cognitive Nutrition's post

    Effects of chronic bicarbonate ingestion on the performance of high-intensity work.
    McNaughton L, Backx K, Palmer G, Strange N.

    Sports Science, Kingston University, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey, UK.

    We have evaluated whether sodium bicarbonate, taken chronically (0.5 g x kg(-1) body mass) for a period of 5 days would improve the performance of eight subjects during 60 s of high-intensity exercise on an electrically braked cycle ergometer. The first test was performed prior to chronic supplementation (pre-ingestion) while the post-ingestion test took place 6 days later. A control test took place approximately 1 month after the cessation of all testing. Acid-base and metabolite data (n = 7) were measured from arterialised blood both pre- and post-exercise, as well as daily throughout the exercise period. The work completed by the subjects in the control and pre-ingestion test [21.1 (0.9) and 21.1 (0.9) MJ, respectively] was less than (P<0.05) that completed in the post-ingestion test [24.1 (0.9) MJ; F(2,21) = 3.4, P<0.05, power = 0.57]. Peak power was higher after the 5-day supplementation period (P<0.05). Ingestion of the sodium bicarbonate for a period of 5 days resulted in an increase in pH (F(5,36) = 12.5, P<0.0001, power = 1.0) over the 5-day period. The blood bicarbonate levels also rose during the trial (P<0.05) from a resting level of 22.8 (0.4) to 28.4 (1.1) mmol x l(-1) after 24 h of ingestion. In conclusion, the addition of sodium bicarbonate to a normal diet proved to be of ergogenic benefit in the performance of short-term, high-intensity work.
    some other studies on it as well.

    Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1983;15(4):277-80. Effect of acute induced metabolic alkalosis on 800-m racing time. Wilkes D, Gledhill N, Smyth R.

    McNaughton L, Backx K, Palmer G, Strange N. Effects of chronic bicarbonate ingestion on the performance of high-intensity work. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1999;80:333–6. doi: 10.1007/s004210050600.

    Applegate E. Effective nutritional ergogenic aids. Int J Sport Nutr. 1999;9:229–39.

    Kronfeld DS, Ferrante PL, Grandjean D. Optimal nutrition for athletic performance, with emphasis on fat adaptation in dogs and horses. J Nutr. 1994;124:2745S–53S. Kraemer WJ, Gordon SE, Lynch JM, Pop ME, Clark KL. Effects of multibuffer supplementation on acid-base balance and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate following repetitive anaerobic exercise. Int J Sport Nutr. 1995;5:300–14.

    Matson LG, Tran ZV. Effects of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on anaerobic performance: a meta-analytic review. Int J Sport Nutr. 1993;3(1):2–28.
    Last edited by Eversor; 08-19-2008 at 08:54 PM.
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    post from another site on the topic of acidosis and sodium bicarb
    Originally Posted by Dr.Dave1
    1: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Apr;38(4):675-80. Links
    Bicarbonate reduces serum prolactin increase induced by exercise to exhaustion.Rojas Vega S, Struder HK, Wahrmann BV, Bloch W, Hollmann W.

    PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to examine the effect of acid-base status on serum prolactin (PRL) concentration postexercise. METHODS: Seven male recreational athletes participated in two experimental trials separated by 1 wk. In the respective trial, subjects received either a placebo infusion (normal isotonic saline) or an alkali infusion (isotonic sodium bicarbonate) before and during exercise. Venous and capillary blood samples were drawn at rest, immediately after a 10-min warm-up period, and after a maximal ramp test on a cycle ergometer, as well as at 3, 6, 10, and 15 min postexercise. RESULTS: Power output, HR, capillary blood lactate concentration, carbon dioxide pressure (PCO2), and partial oxygen pressure (PO2) did not differ between trials at any point in time. Capillary PO2 did not change from resting values, but a significant increase (P < 0.05) was found from the end of warm-up to 3 min of the recovery period. Exercise induced a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in capillary blood bicarbonate concentration (HCO3-), pH, base excess (BE), and PCO2 at exhaustion and during the recovery period. Significantly higher HCO3-, pH, and BE were found during bicarbonate infusion and postexercise in comparison with the placebo trial. Serum PRL concentration was significantly increased 3 min postexercise until the end of the placebo trial, whereas after bicarbonate infusion, serum PRL concentration did not change from values at rest. Significant (P < 0.01) differences between trials in serum PRL concentration were found 10 and 15 min postexercise. CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that acidosis is a stimulus for exercise-induced PRL secretion.

    : J Strength Cond Res. 2005 Feb;19(1):213-24. Links
    Sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate: ergogenic aids?Requena B, Zabala M, Padial P, Feriche B.

    Numerous studies have used exogenous administration of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO(3)) and sodium citrate (Na-citrate) in an attempt to enhance human performance. After ingestion of NaHCO(3) and Na-citrate, two observations have been made: (a) There was great individual variability in the ergogenic benefit reached, which can be attributed to the level of physical conditioning of the subjects and to their tolerance of the buffer substance; and (b) the subjects who had ingested NaHCO(3) and Na-citrate show higher levels of pH, bicarbonate, and lactate ions concentrations in their exercising blood than do the subjects who had ingested the placebo. A majority of the studies have suggested that the ingestion of both substances provides an ergogenic effect due to the establishment and maintenance of an elevated pH level during exercise. However, the exact mechanism by which the ergogenic effects occur has not been demonstrated conclusively. Sodium bicarbonate and Na-citrate seem to be effective in activities with a sufficient duration to generate a difference in the hydrogen ion gradient, characterized by a very high intensity and involving large muscular groups. However, in activities of equally high intensity, but with longer duration, the results obtained have been conflicting and inconclusive.

    other
    1: Int J Sport Nutr. 1999 Jun;9(2):229-39. Links
    Effective nutritional ergogenic aids.Applegate E.

    Athletes use a variety of nutritional ergogenic aids to enhance performance. Most nutritional aids can be categorized as a potential energy source, an anabolic enhancer, a cellular component, or a recovery aid. Studies have consistently shown that carbohydrates consumed immediately before or after exercise enhance performance by increasing glycogen stores and delaying fatigue. Protein and amino acid supplementation may serve an anabolic role by optimizing body composition crucial in strength-related sports. Dietary antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E and carotenes, may prevent oxidative stress that occurs with intense exercise. Performance during high-intensity exercise, such as sprinting, may be improved with short-term creatine loading, and high effort exercise lasting 1-7 min may be improved through bicarbonate loading immediately prior to activity. Caffeine dosing before exercise delays fatigue and may enhance performance of high-intensity exercise
    Disclaimer: While I have an M.D. the views I express are not to be taken as medical advice under any circumstances. Please check with your own doctor if you want medical advice as he/she has access to your info and can provide the most accurate advice.


    www.pubmed.gov . . . gotta love it
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    Originally Posted by Phosphate bond View Post
    Has anyone to your knowledge determined how carnosine actually acts a H+ buffer?

    Anytime energy production is enhanced at the mitcohondrial level substrate level phosphorylation usually decreases.

    Histidine (possibly released from Carnosine by H+) is used in certain mitochondrial enzymes.
    Carnosine contains imidazole groups, one of the nitrogens can be utilized in protonation.

    For alot more information on beta-alanine, check out our IntraXCell FAQ thread- http://forum.bodybuilding.com/showthread.php?t=890283
    Dr.Tallon(Oxygenix) who has his phD in carnosine metabolism is in there posting in the first 1-20 pages or so,can learn alot.


    This lactic acid thread may of some use as well, who knows- http://forum.bodybuilding.com/showth...ht=lactic+acid
    Last edited by ATHLETIC EDGE NUTRITION; 08-28-2008 at 05:38 PM.
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    Pertaining to sodium bicarbonate the only unanswered question is, does it work in highly trained athletes?
    A theory says - highly trained athletes have already built up their bodies puffer capacity to the maximum.
    Your thoughts?
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    Originally Posted by JacktheHero View Post
    Pertaining to sodium bicarbonate the only unanswered question is, does it work in highly trained athletes?
    A theory says - highly trained athletes have already built up their bodies puffer capacity to the maximum.
    Your thoughts?
    i wrote the below some time ago, in an unrelated thread, perhaps it could be of some use.

    Originally Posted by Athletic Edge N View Post

    I am not sure if you are aware of the studies on phosphorus, but besides them being somewhat equivocal, they are using dosages at 3.5-4 grams a day and much higher to show some AEROBIC enhancement. The main ANAEROBIC study by Kramer that used phosfuel which btw has 3.5-4 grams of sodium phosphate, showed it provided no benefit over the placebo group. The other guy above you who posted saying "high dosing of phosphate..1250mg" may not be aware that the Duffy study that he is thinking of used a total of 3.73 grams of sodium acid phosphate and pot phosphate a day, NOT 1.24g. ONLY the ACUTE dose prior to training was 1.24g, but the subject still took the total 3.73g a day for 6 days, as FAR cry from the amount in BB.

    For guys, that are trying to effect strength, power, lean muscle ect, I have yet to see any studies showing favorable outcomes from Phosphate loading.For endurance aerobic athletes, I have seen some positive as well as some negative. Overall phosphate loading is old school.

    Regardless, there is nothing wrong with phosphates and if you want them, they are dirt cheap to buy separately and you could properly dose them as well.


    On a side note, when you look at the performance studies using an extracellular buffer like phosphate compared to an intracellular buffer like Beta-Alanine-Carnosine, you can really tell where the increased buffering capacity makes a difference.
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    Originally Posted by PumpAddict View Post
    Thanks for the replies, looks like some good info! I think I'll add the beta alanine and baking soda to my current whey, dextrose, malto, creatine mono, and glutamine.

    I was looking at a few beta adaline studies and didn't see anything about l-histidine. Is there any proof that it boosts carnosine levels? This quote seems to indicate that only beta alanine is the limiting factor in carnosine production: "The ingestion of β-alanine, the rate-limiting precursor of carnosine, has been shown to elevate the muscle carnosine content." [1] I do not have much experience in this field, so I could be misinterpreting it.

    [1] http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/conten...act/103/5/1736
    Only if you are deficient in histidine will CARN levels be compromised. Basically, unless you are an extreme vegetarian or vegan, you're not to be diffecient in histidine. Anyone who consumes enough protein in their diet, will always get more than enough histidine.

    Beta-alanine is the rate limiting substrate in CARN synthesis
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    A good supplement would be ALA.

    Universal's Shock Therapy pre-workout could also work wonders, for it contains anti-oxidant formula too.
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    Originally Posted by PumpAddict View Post
    One of the main goals in rowing training is to improve ones lactic threshold, so that we can produce more watts of power with less lactic acid in our muscles and blood.
    Is there anything I can take to either limit the production of lactic acid or at least help my body get it out of my muscles while rowing?
    I couldn't imagine a better natural stack than the intrastack (IntrAbolic + IntraXCell) to give you improvements in rowing performance... I competed in rowing one summer and I understand just how much hard work is involved at those high intensities...

    IntrAbolic would help with recovery and continued improvement with use ... combined with IntraXCell you can aim for the 3-6g/day beta-alanine dose shown in studies to increase carnosine and buffer H+ ions... this will allow you to train at the high intensities for longer periods of time. The WPH, EAA, 5g Leucine and electrolytes in IntrAbolic can be taken during (Intra)your training period or immed. after if you could not take it at that time.

    I sure wish I had this stuff when I was competing!
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    Hey buddy,

    Sorry if these studies have been posted.

    For fatigue reduction i'd go for Citrulline malate.

    ======

    Activity of citrulline malate on acid-base balance and blood ammonia and amino acid levels. Study in the animal and in man.

    Callis A, Magnan de Bornier B, Serrano JJ, Bellet H, Saumade R.
    Department of Medical Biophysics, Institut de Biologie, Montpellier, France.
    An experimental evaluation of citrulline malate (Stimol, CAS 54940-97-5), an anti-fatigue compound, was undertaken in man and in the animal in order to study the pharmacological activity of the substance at hepatic and renal level. In man, the protocol involved a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over technique. The study in the animal was blind and placebo-controlled with two randomized parallel groups. Results showed that citrulline malate stimulates hepatic ureogenesis and favorizes the renal reabsorption of bicarbonates. These metabolic actions had a protective effect against acidosis and ammonia poisoning and explain the anti-fatigue properties of citrulline malate in man.

    ==============

    Citrulline malate limits increase in muscle fatigue induced by bacterial endotoxins.

    Goubel F, Vanhoutte C, Allaf O, Verleye M, Gillardin JM.
    D?partement de g?nie biologique, URA CNRS 858, Universit? de Technologie, Compi?gne, France.

    Citrulline malate is known to improve performance in weakened muscles. The present experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that citrulline malate can limit the effect of endotoxins on muscle fatigability. Endotoxemia was induced in rats by injection of lipopolysaccharides from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Resistance to fatigue was quantified by measuring tension production during repetitive electrical stimulation of the isolated epitrochlearis muscle. Oral treatment by citrulline malate was found to increase resistance to fatigue in infected rats, whereas twitch tension was not modified. This demonstrates the efficacy of citrulline malate for limiting an increase in muscle fatigue elicited with bacterial endotoxins.
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    Originally Posted by l.lai View Post
    Hey buddy,

    Sorry if these studies have been posted.

    For fatigue reduction i'd go for Citrulline malate.

    ======

    Activity of citrulline malate on acid-base balance and blood ammonia and amino acid levels. Study in the animal and in man.

    Callis A, Magnan de Bornier B, Serrano JJ, Bellet H, Saumade R.
    Department of Medical Biophysics, Institut de Biologie, Montpellier, France.
    An experimental evaluation of citrulline malate (Stimol, CAS 54940-97-5), an anti-fatigue compound, was undertaken in man and in the animal in order to study the pharmacological activity of the substance at hepatic and renal level. In man, the protocol involved a double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled cross-over technique. The study in the animal was blind and placebo-controlled with two randomized parallel groups. Results showed that citrulline malate stimulates hepatic ureogenesis and favorizes the renal reabsorption of bicarbonates. These metabolic actions had a protective effect against acidosis and ammonia poisoning and explain the anti-fatigue properties of citrulline malate in man.

    ==============

    Citrulline malate limits increase in muscle fatigue induced by bacterial endotoxins.

    Goubel F, Vanhoutte C, Allaf O, Verleye M, Gillardin JM.
    D?partement de g?nie biologique, URA CNRS 858, Universit? de Technologie, Compi?gne, France.

    Citrulline malate is known to improve performance in weakened muscles. The present experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that citrulline malate can limit the effect of endotoxins on muscle fatigability. Endotoxemia was induced in rats by injection of lipopolysaccharides from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Resistance to fatigue was quantified by measuring tension production during repetitive electrical stimulation of the isolated epitrochlearis muscle. Oral treatment by citrulline malate was found to increase resistance to fatigue in infected rats, whereas twitch tension was not modified. This demonstrates the efficacy of citrulline malate for limiting an increase in muscle fatigue elicited with bacterial endotoxins.

    I think most people familair with the science would say citrulline is unproven in humans with regard to athletic performance.

    Just read those studies over again and I hope you can see that suggesting these studies can somehow apply to a healthy male's rowing performance is def. stretching it... look into the beta-alanine research. It's very impressive.
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    Beta-Alanine is definately the way to go.


    What does everyone think about Gakic for endurance/aerobic purposes rather than anereobic (unfortunately the studies on it are for anereobic activity although I thought I'd post it up anyway)?




    High-intensity dynamic human muscle performance enhanced by a metabolic intervention.Stevens BR, Godfrey MD, Kaminski TW, Braith RW.
    Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610-0274, USA. stevens@phys.med.ufl.edu

    PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of a metabolic treatment on human muscle dynamic performance (strength, work, and fatigue) measured under conditions of acute, exhaustive high-intensity anaerobic isokinetic exercise. METHODS: Unilateral prefatigue and postfatigue peak torque and work values were measured in the quadriceps femoris of 13 subjects using a computer-controlled isokinetic dynamometer, over a 23-d interval. The two experimental treatments were: 1) a glycine and L-arginine salt of alpha-ketoisocaproic acid calcium ("GAKIC"); and 2) isocaloric sucrose (control). Based on a randomized double-blind cross-over repeated measures design, measurements were made before and during an exhaustive anaerobic fatigue protocol to calculate a Fatigue Resistance Index (FRI = [peri-exhaustion torque]\[baseline peak torque]), as well as total work. RESULTS: The FRI and total work for each of the exhaustion sets measured at 0, 5, and 15 min after oral GAKIC treatment were greater than values obtained for isocaloric control treatment (P < 0.02). GAKIC treatment increased the mean resistance to fatigue (FRI) up to 28% over isocaloric control. Overall gain in total muscle work attributable to GAKIC was 10.5 +/- 0.8% greater than control, sustained for at least 15 min. After 24 h, both GAKIC and control concentric forces returned to the same absolute values (P > 0.05): mean FRI = 0.42 +/- 0.05 and mean total work = 4600 +/- 280 J. There were no significant differences attributable to random order of testing. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with isocaloric carbohydrate, oral GAKIC treatment increased muscle torque and work sustained during intense acute anaerobic dynamic exercise; additionally, it increased overall muscle performance by delaying muscle fatigue during the early phases of anaerobic dynamic exercise.
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  27. #27
    anonymous
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    gakic powder was amazing. I dont think they make it anymore though.The pills did nothing for me.

    I dont know if this has much to do with lactic acid but what i do is mix a tea spoon of bcaas, leucine, glutamine, arginine, and beta alinine in a powerade zero and drink that during my workout. Ive been doing this for about 2 months and it works great.
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  28. #28
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    Lactic acid gets too much bad press. The stuff acts as a buffer itself.
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    Am I reading this correctly:

    "We have evaluated whether sodium bicarbonate, taken chronically (0.5 g x kg(-1) body mass) for a period of 5 days"

    So a 100 kg athlete (220 lbs) would use 49.5 grams of sodium bicarbonate?
    Holy molly... that is a truckload and will almost certainly give you diarrhea, no? Either I have gone insane and am reading it wrong or there is a misprint someplace.


    I am extremely interested in sodium bicarbonate due to the reasons explained here:
    http://anabolicminds.com/forum/suppl...ml#post1684236

    My other question is: If you were to take sodium bicarbonate for a very long period of time (albeit at lower doses) -say for a year- would it interfere with the absorption / utilization of any other nutrient? Would there be any problems?

    Thanks a lot

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    PumpAddict, who do you row for?
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