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I've never heard of substrate build-up limiting an enzyme's kinetics (reverse Michaelis-Mentin?), but it may be more complex than that (i.e. too much substrate sequesters the enzyme in the cellular...

Acidosis just means an usually acidic local or systemic environment, of which lactic acid is a subset.

There is a secondary means of removing nitrogenous waste that bypasses the liver, and this...

No, arginase degrades arginine to form urea and ornithine. It's really not all that relevant to this discussion

L-Dopa

I couldn't give a **** about whether my word is taken or not. Unlike you, I in no way profit from posting here.

I didn't say a word about amino acids being taken up by muscle. If you consume an...

To be clear, Musclemeds Carnivor, which is hydrolyzed collagen, does not contain BCAAs.

This is actually true, but you know what else would have the exact same endpoint: carbs.

Pros of being ripped:

Look good a few days of the year
Dat feel when the girl you brought home starts jizzing herself (literally?)

Cons of being ripped:

Feel like crap
Mental function goes...

There is no such thing as this situation. If nitrogen balance is met or exceeded, amino acids can be used for gluconeogenesis or ketogenesis.

Sucralose is physiologically inert you twat

bump

Again, this is incorrect. Insulin has an appetite-suppressing effect in the brain. In fact, some people theorize that insulin resistance and obesity are so connected (and reversible) because insulin...

Nope, I just have an uncanny ability to expose and demean supplement companies who exploit the consumer.

We are talking about endurance training, not anaerobic exercise.

I'd like to see some data that peptides don't enter the plasma because enterocytes use all of them. Sure, the lumenal end of enterocytes is constantly being sloughed off and requires protein...

In.

The physiology of obesity

It doesn't matter, but you really need to get a better understanding of how hormones work. Hormones act on receptors...they don't get driven into muscles.

Do you have amonorrhea? Sounds like the athlete's triad to me.

Glucose stimulates insulin release. Insulin release is potentiated by GIP, GLP-1 (which slows gastric emptying), ketones, fatty acids, and amino acids. Epinephrine blunts insulin release...and hard....